What is biodegradation and how is it done?
Ex situ decontamination methods are based on the removal of contaminated soils and their subsequent removal by a suitable decontamination method, such as biodegradation.
The method of biological decontamination is a relatively simple method based on the rapid biological decomposition of petroleum and some polyaromatic hydrocarbons in soils, industrial slurries and building materials, which are transferred to a suitable place, the so-called “biopoly, decontamination area”
The principle of decontamination consists in the controlled use of the biologically active ingredient (bacterial active strains) on the contaminants contained in the waste-the company uses the approved DEKONTAM-3 biopreparate. In addition to microorganisms with biodegradability, biological degradation affects such factors as pollutant concentrations, oxygen concentration, water content in soil, temperature, absence of inhibitory substances. Technology of biological degradation of nonpolar extracts and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons is based on the ability of certain bacterial strains to use undesirable organic compounds as a source of carbon and energy for their growth. These microorganisms are capable of using all fractions of oil and tar. This aerobic biochemical process is terminated by the distribution of the pollutant to the harmless oxidation product of CO2 and H2O.
Decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms is the most natural way of circulating carbon in nature. The output from the plant is suitable for reclamation use on the surface of the ground or underground storage if the legal limits are met.